需求

为什么要开发一个windows服务呢？之前做一个程序，必须要读取指定目录文件License，因为其他程序也在读取这指定目录的License文件，且License不同时会修改License的内容，
修改了License后导致我们的程序无法运行，所以想做个windows 的服务时时检测这个License文件是否被修改，如果检测到被修改就覆盖该License。

依赖的第三方库

必须要借助第三方模块pywin32

实现过程

实例化win32serviceutil.ServiceFramework的时候，windows系统会自动调用SvcDoRun方法，
这个函数的执行不可以结束，因为结束就代表服务停止。所以当我们放自己的代码在SvcDoRun函数中执行的时候，必须确保该函数不退出，类似与这样的效果：

python def SvcDoRun(self): while True: self._LicenseExist() time.sleep(2)

当停止服务的时候，系统会调用SvcDoStop函数，该函数通过设置标志位等方式让SvcDoRun函数退出，就是正常的停止服务。
win32event.SetEvent(self.hWaitStop) 通过事件退出

服务操作命令：

python #1.安装服务 python PythonService.py install #2.让服务自动启动 python PythonService.py --startup auto install #3.启动服务 python PythonService.py start #4.重启服务 python PythonService.py restart #5.停止服务 python PythonService.py stop #6.删除/卸载服务 python PythonService.py remove

完整代码

”`python

-- coding: UTF8 --

#
import win32serviceutil
import win32service
import win32event
import winerror
import servicemanager
import os, sys, time

class PythonService(win32serviceutil.ServiceFramework):

_svcname = “ALicense” # 服务名
_svc_displayname = “ALicense Is Exist ” # 服务在windows系统中显示的名称
_svcdescription = “ALicense Is Exist License windows” #服务的描述

def init(self, args):
win32serviceutil.ServiceFramework.init(self, args)
self.hWaitStop = win32event.CreateEvent(None, 0, 0, None)
self.License = self._LicenseExist()
self.run = True

def _LicenseExist(self):
is_exist=os.path.exists(‘C:\License.dat’)
string_key=‘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’
if is_exist:
for line in open(“C:\License.dat”):
if line!=string_key:
self.writer(string_key)
else:
self.writer(string_key)
# 写入License
def writer(self, string_key):
f=open(‘C:\License.dat’,‘w’)
f.write(string_key)
f.close()

def SvcDoRun(self):
while self.run:
# 已经运行
self._LicenseExist()
time.sleep(2) #推迟调用线程的运行2秒

def SvcStop(self):
# 服务已经停止
self.ReportServiceStatus(win32service.SERVICE_STOP_PENDING)
win32event.SetEvent(self.hWaitStop)
self.run = False

if name==’main’:
if len(sys.argv) == 1:
try:
evtsrc_dll = os.path.abspath(servicemanager.file)
servicemanager.PrepareToHostSingle(PythonService)
servicemanager.Initialize(‘PythonService’, evtsrc_dll)
servicemanager.StartServiceCtrlDispatcher()
except win32service.error, details:
if details[0] == winerror.ERROR_FAILED_SERVICE_CONTROLLER_CONNECT:
win32serviceutil.usage()
else:
win32serviceutil.HandleCommandLine(PythonService)
”`

效果与问题

当直接运行py文件访问是可以添加服务，且服务也可运行，但是使用pyinstaller打包exe后程序就不能正常执行，
提示：错误1053 服务没有及时相应启动或控制请求

google 后找到解决方法，
原理我也不是很懂，貌似是要在实例化windows服务类时候，监控服务调度

python if len(sys.argv) == 1: try: evtsrc_dll = os.path.abspath(servicemanager.__file__) servicemanager.PrepareToHostSingle(PythonService) servicemanager.Initialize('PythonService', evtsrc_dll) servicemanager.StartServiceCtrlDispatcher() except win32service.error, details: if details[0] == winerror.ERROR_FAILED_SERVICE_CONTROLLER_CONNECT: win32serviceutil.usage() else: win32serviceutil.HandleCommandLine(PythonService)

pyinstaller 打包为控制台文件

python if __name__ == '__main__': from PyInstaller.main import run params=['windows_services_in_python.py', '-F', '-c', '--icon=favicon.ico'] run(params)

完整代码

”`python
#!/usr/bin/env python

-- coding: UTF8 --

#
import win32service
import win32con
import time, sys
import datetime
reload(sys)
sys.setdefaultencoding(“utf8”)
class ServiceManager(object):
“”“管理window服务”“”

def init(self, name):
“””
name: 服务的名称
“””
self.name = name

#启动或停止服务时等待操作成功等待时间
self.wait_time = 0.5
#启动或停止服务时最大等待时间，超过时返回超时提示
self.delay_time = 10
self.scm = win32service.OpenSCManager(None, None, win32service.SC_MANAGER_ALL_ACCESS)

if self.is_exists():
try:
self.handle = win32service.OpenService(self.scm, self.name, win32service.SC_MANAGER_ALL_ACCESS)
except Exception, e:
self.log(e)
else:
print ‘服务 %s 没有安装’.encode(‘gbk’) % self.name

def is_stop(self):
“”“检查服务是否停止”“”
flag = False
try:
if self.handle:
ret = win32service.QueryServiceStatus(self.handle)
flag = ret[1] != win32service.SERVICE_RUNNING
except Exception, e:
self.log(e)
return flag

def start(self):
“”“开启服务”“”
try:
if self.handle:
win32service.StartService(self.handle, None)
except Exception, e:
self.log(e)
status_info = win32service.QueryServiceStatus(self.handle)

if status_info[1] == win32service.SERVICE_RUNNING:
return ‘启动服务%s成功’.encode(‘gbk’) % self.name
elif status_info[1] == win32service.SERVICE_START_PENDING:
#如果服务正在启动中则延迟返回启动信息，直到启动成功,或返回启动时间过长信息
start_time = datetime.datetime.now()
while True:
if (datetime.datetime.now() - start_time).seconds > self.delay_time:
return ‘启动服务%s时间太长’.encode(‘gbk’) % self.name

time.sleep(self.wait_time)
if win32service.QueryServiceStatus(self.handle)[1] == win32service.SERVICE_RUNNING:
return ‘启动服务%s成功’.encode(‘gbk’) % self.name
else:
return ‘启动服务%s失败’.encode(‘gbk’) % self.name

def stop(self):
“”“停止服务”“”
try:
status_info = win32service.ControlService(self.handle, win32service.SERVICE_CONTROL_STOP)
except Exception, e:
self.log(e)
if status_info[1] == win32service.SERVICE_STOPPED:
return ‘停止服务%s成功’.encode(‘gbk’) % self.name
elif status_info[1] == win32service.SERVICE_STOP_PENDING:
start_time = datetime.datetime.now()
while True:
if (datetime.datetime.now() - start_time).seconds > self.delay_time:
return ‘停止服务%s时间太长’.encode(‘gbk’) % self.name

time.sleep(self.wait_time)
if win32service.QueryServiceStatus(self.handle)[1] == win32service.SERVICE_STOPPED:
return ‘停止服务%s成功’.encode(‘gbk’) % self.name
else:
return ‘停止服务%s失败’.encode(‘gbk’) % self.name

def restart(self):
“”“重启服务”“”
if not self.is_stop():
self.stop()
self.start()
return win32service.QueryServiceStatus(self.handle)

def status(self):
“”“获取运行的状态”“”
try:
status_info = win32service.QueryServiceStatus(self.handle)
status = status_info[1]
if status == win32service.SERVICE_STOPPED:
return “STOPPED”
elif status == win32service.SERVICE_START_PENDING:
return “STARTING”
elif status == win32service.SERVICE_STOP_PENDING:
return “STOPPING”
elif status == win32service.SERVICE_RUNNING:
return “RUNNING”
except Exception, e:
self.log(e)

def close(self):
“”“释放资源”“”
try:
if self.scm:
win32service.CloseServiceHandle(self.handle)
win32service.CloseServiceHandle(self.scm)
except Exception, e:
self.log(e)

def is_exists(self):
“”“windows服务是否已安装”“”
statuses = win32service.EnumServicesStatus(self.scm, win32service.SERVICE_WIN32, win32service.SERVICE_STATE_ALL)
for (short_name, desc, status) in statuses:
if short_name == self.name:
return True
return False

def log(self, exception):

print(exception)

if name==’main’:

app= ServiceManager(‘AAaservice’)
msg= app.is_exists() # 判断是否安装（以下操作必须先判断服务是否存在）
#msg= app.is_stop() # 判断服务是否停止
#msg= app.status() # 查看服务的状态
#msg= app.start() # 开启服务
#msg= app.stop() # 暂停服务（服务开启才能停止，else error）
#msg= app.restart() # 重启服务

print(msg)
”`